P. 4-14
MINERALOGICAL LEGACY OF ACADEMICIAN VOLODYMYR VERNADSKYI
(TO THE 150th ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTHDAY)
О. Маtkovskyi
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: mineral@franko.lviv.ua
The scientific (mainly mineralogical) legacy of academician Volodymyr Vernadskyi is briefly analysed. Transformation of descriptive mineralogy to genetic mineralogy, genetic miner-alogy – to geochemistry, and creation of new sciences – biogeochemistry, radiogeology, doctrine of biosphere and noosphere – are among major achievements of the scientist in geology.
Key words: academician V. Vernadskyi, genetic mineralogy, geochemistry, biogeochemistry, biosphere, noosphere.
P.15-24
FARSEEING VIEWS OF THE GENIUS SCIENTIST
(DEDICATED TO THE 150th ANNIVERSARY OF BIRTH OF THE ACADEMICIAN VOLODYMYR VERNADSKYI)
О. Ponomarenko, L. Stepanyuk, H. Kulchytska
M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of NAS of Ukraine,
Acad. Palladin Av., 34, 03680 Kyiv-142, Ukraine
E-mail: igmr@igmof.gov.ua
Volodymyr Ivanovych Vernadskyi, the academician of the Russian and Ukrainian Academies of Sciences, belongs to the bright constellation of scientists of the XX century. He figured prominently in the history of science not only because of his large scientific heritage and not only because he was the founder of the new sciences, in particular genetic mineralogy, geochemistry, radiogeology, biogeochemistry, the biosphere and the noosphere theories. His genius is not only in his managerial talent, although the scientific organizations he founded are still operating to this day. He had a brilliant skill to see phenomena not only deeply, but widely as well, and at the same time in their interrelation with other phenomena. V. Vernadskyi analyzed these interrelations and on the basis of the analysis’ results predicted their further development. In addition to sequential methodology, rigorous attitude to the results of his own and other scientists’ experiments, the brilliance of his works was based on encyclopedic knowledge and farseeing insight, no matter whether it was the sphere of scientific research or the foundation of scientific institutions. Only the analyst of such breadth of vision could have seen the relation between the human thought and geological force and cold have made an optimistic forecast for the future. The human intelligence as the natural consequence of the evolution of the Earth cannot destroy itself because evolutionary processes are irreversible.
Key words: academician V. Vernadskyi, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, genetic mineralogy, kaolin nucleus, age of minerals, nuclear energy, noosphere.
P. 25-31
NOOSPHERE AND ITS DEVELOPMENT STATUS
P. Bilonizhka
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: mineral@franko.lviv.ua
The paper deals with the main principles of Volodymyr Vernadskyi doctrine about transformation of biosphere to noosphere. The developing conditions of noosphere and its status at the present stage of society and science development are described.
Key words: academician Volodymyr Vernadskyi, biosphere, evolution, noosphere, science, society.
P. 32-38
GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT – THE MAIN COMPONENT OF NOOSPHERE
I. Paranko1, M. Pavlun2, О. Sivoronov2
1Kryvyi Rih Pedagogical Institute,
54, Gagarin Av., 50086 Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine
Е-mail: paranko@mail.ru
2Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
Е-mail: zaggeol@franko.lviv.ua
Understanding of the term “geological environment” is grounded taking into account the influence of man activity on the Earth's geospheres, and also the connections between geological environment and noosphere. Supposition is done that the study of geological environment must be conducted within the framework of new scientific direction – anthropogenic geology.
Key words: geological environment, geological processes, noosphere, anthropogenic geology.
P. 39-51
POTENTIAL OF SILICON RESOURCES IN UKRAINE AND POSSIBILITIES
OF DOMESTIC SILICON UTILIZATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
V. Guliy1, R. Bochevar2
1Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
Е-mail: vgul@ukr.net
2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
90, Vasylkivska St., 01022 Kyiv, Ukraine
Е-mail: ruslana-kra@ukr.net
Recovering of world fossil fuel-energetic resources has been reduced because their exhaustion, and therefore today exploration and development new sources of energy are very important. Renewable energy became more important and slowly reduces sources of traditional energy. Number of countries started programs to make bigger amount of different sources of renewable energies including solar energy. In this article authors give estimation of resources potential of native silicon of Ukraine for manufacture of solar elements by own industry. Authors made analysis of world tendencies of utilization of solar energy, low limits which regulate utilization of different sources of energy in Ukraine, main sources of obtaining of silicon. It has been compared different methods of silicon producing as well estimated of resources for manufacturing of silicon in Ukraine. Results of detail mineralogical, petrographic, technological investigations of magnesium ores of basic-ultrabasic massifs of Kapitanivske ore field as a possible source of silicon after reworking of such ores are given in the article. Authors determined main directions of producing of cheap “solar” silicon and suggested perspective objects for such purposes in Ukraine. Possible volumes of the silicon from basic-ultrabasic massifs of Kapitanivske ore field have been calculated and determined of admixtures, which are important for quality of final products. Taking into consideration these investigation authors made conclusions about necessity to do additional studying of geological structure and estimation of quality of separate kind of ores for perspective on “solar” silicon objects in Ukraine.
Key words: renewable energy, silicon, resources, deposit, complex ores, technological scheme of ore reworking, Ukraine.
P. 52-59
THE CONNECTION BETWEEN CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY
OF TOPAZ FROM VOLYN CHAMBER PEGMATITES
O. Vovk1, I. Naumko2
1Lesya Ukrainka National University of Eastern Europe,
13, Volі Av., 43025 Lutsk, Ukraine
E-mail: geologygeochemistry@gmail.com
2Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of NASU,
3а, Naukova St., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Connection of crystals morphology of Volyn topaz with its internal structure and mineral forming conditions has been investigated. The results of reticular density calculations by Dannay Harker method, investigations of РВС-vectors and F, S, K-faces according to P. Hartman and W. Perdock, morphological importance of crystal faces in accordance with face symmetry after I. Shafranovskyi are described. Different structural methods specify the morphological importance of faces {011}, {010}, {110}, {120}, {101}, {111}, {001}, {021}.
Key words: topaz, crystalline structure, reticular density, crystal face, face symmetry, mineral forming conditions, Volyn.
P. 60-66
TITANIUM AND RARE METALS IN THE ORE FORMING MINERALS
OF KROPYVNYANSKE DEPOSIT (UKRAINIAN SHIELD)
V. Kharytonov
Kryvyi Rih National University,
11, XXII Partz’yizdu St., 50027 Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine
Е-mail: wdnh@mail.ru
Average level of Ti ore inclusions in gabbro-peridotites from Kropyvnyanske deposit (Korostenskyi pluton, Ukrainian shield) has been determined, as well as the mean value of Sc and V in Ti-magnetite, ilmenite and ulvite. These results can be used during mineralogical analysis of original P-Ti ores and the products of their beneficiation and separation in different physical fields.
Key words: Ti-magnetite, ilmenite, ulvite, phosphorus-titanium ores, gabbro-peridotites, Korostenskyi pluton, Ukrainian shield.
P. 67-72
TECHNOGENIC MINERAGENESIS IN WATER STEAMS OF INTERFLUVE PRUT–CHEREMOSH
Н. Petrunyak
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: galina_kosiv@mail.ru
Man-made material from the river alluvium, which expose to mechanical stress, physical and chemical transformations and differentiation during transportation in modern dynamic water channels, mainly has the character of petrographic and mineralogical pollution. However, metals and their alloys (copper, lead, iron etc.) in existing geochemical conditions transform into other mineral forms: iron hydroxides, cerussite, copper greens, native silver and gold. Such pollutions are not ecologically dangerous for river inhabitants and man.
Key words: technogenesis, mineragenesis, pollution, metal, alloy, gold, river, Ukrainian Carpathians.
P. 73-80
VEINED MINERALS IN POTASSIUM SALTS DEPOSITS OF PRE-CARPATHIANS REGION
AS THE INDICATORS OF POST-SEDIMENTATION PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL AND TECTONIC PROCESSES
P. Bilonizhka
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: mineral@franko.lviv.ua
Distribution, chemical composition, physical-chemical and geological forming conditions of veined minerals from potassium salts of Pre-Carpathian foredeep have been investigated. Due to experimental researches of crystallohydrates changes during heating the conclusion has been made, that dehydration of crystallohydrates and formation of anhydrous and low-hydrous minerals took place during katagenesis stage accompanied by different tectonic processes under influencing of rising temperature and pressure. Saline solutions have been formed from the extracted water, and veined minerals have been appeared from them in the areas of tectonic dislocations. The age of veined kainite and leonite (K-Ar method) proves that appearance of tectonic dislocations and veined minerals is conditioned by tectonic processes which repeatedly have been showed up in the Pre-Carpathians foredeep.
Key words: potassium salts, veined minerals, carnallite, halite, sylvite, kainite, leonite, epsomite, crystallohydrates, tectonic dislocations, sources of saline solutions, age of minerals, Pre-Carpathians foredeep.
P. 81-93
PREVALENCE AND COMPOSITION OF VEIN-IMPREGNATED MINERALIZATION IN TERRIGENOUS STRATA
OF THE KROSNO ZONE NORTH-WESTERN PART (UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS)
І. Naumko, H. Zankovych, Ya. Yaremchuk
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of NASU,
3а, Naukova St., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
Vein-impregnated mineralization is significantly prevalent in terrigenous rocks of the Krosno zone north-western part (Ukrainian Carpathians). According to onthogenic, mineralogical and X-ray studies of vein-veinlet formations in natural outcrops in this area (Yavoriv and Borynya scales of the Bitlya subcover and Yablunka, Ropavske, Limna, Gronzivka scales of the Turka subcover) it was found that it is represented mainly by calcite with traces of quartz. Source of Ca2+ is the deep high-temperature fluid, in which CaO, CO2 and H2O below 580 °С form the “lime milk” and are carried together with impurity hydrocarbons. The presence of compounds with a low coefficient of internal friction (CO2, CH4, other hydrocarbons, H2O steam) in this mixture allows such multicomponent fluid to migrate over long distance, particularly in the form of Са(ОН)2·СН4. While temperature decreases, this fluid hermetically heals macro- and microcracks (various on geometry and size) by carbonates which capture inclusions − the relics of mineral-forming medium with hydrocarbons. The presence of veinlet-impregnated calcite mineralization in the terrigenous rocks of Krosno zone, perspective on oil and gas, specifies on influence of deep fluids on the course of hydrocarbons synthesis, genesis, migration and their possible localization in deposits.
Key words: calcite, vein-impregnated mineralization, inclusions of mineral-forming medium, hydrocarbons, Krosno zone, Ukrainian Carpathians.
P. 94-98
MINE WATERS AS THE FACTOR OF ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
IN CHERVONOHRAD MINING-INDUSTRIAL AREA
S. Voitovych
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: mineral@franko.lviv.ua
Component composition of mine waters in Chervonohrad mining-industrial area in summer, 2012 has been studied. The content of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl–, SO42–, nitrate groups, total Fe, and hardness of water have been analyzed.
Key words: mine waters, cations, anions, hardness of water, pollution, the maximum allowable concentration, Chervonohrad mining-industrial area, Western Ukraine.
P. 99-103
ACADEMICIAN VERNADSKYI AND MINERALOGY: DETAILS OF PORTRAIT (REVIEW ON THE FIFTH VOLUME OF “MINERALOGICAL INHERITANCE OF VOLODYMYR IVANOVYCH VERNADSKYI” OF ANNIVERSARY SERIES “SELECTED SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF ACADEMICIAN V. I. VERNADSKYI”)
I. Naumko
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of NASU,
3а, Naukova St., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
P. 104-114
CELEBRATION OF CENTENARY ANNIVERSARY OF ACADEMICIAN YEVHEN LAZARENKO
O. Matkovskyi, P. Bilonizhka
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: mineral@franko.lviv.ua
P. 115-117
FLASHBACK ABOUT THE TEACHER (TO ANHELINA ANDRIIVNA YASYNSKA BIRTHDAY)
I. Naumko
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of NASU,
3а, Naukova St., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail: igggk@mail.lviv.ua
P.118-119
YURIY VITALIYOVYCH VOROSHYLOV – 75!
V. Pavlyshyn. A. Sivoronov
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
4, Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
Е-mail: zaggeol@franko.lviv.ua